Perspectives on push–pull chromophores derived from click-type [2 + 2] cycloaddition–retroelectrocyclization reactions of electron-rich alkynes and electron-deficient alkenes

• Michio Yamada

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 125–154, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.13

Dyes in modern organic chemistry

• Heiko Ihmels

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2798–2800, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.272

• , two-photon absorption probes or chemosensors [24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. After all, dye chemistry is literally an "evergreen" in scientific research, and consequently, its significant contributions to scientific developments and breakthroughs is well-documented in several Nobel prizes that are

A photochemical determination of luminescence efficiency of upconverting nanoparticles

• Baptiste Amouroux,
• Clément Roux,
• Jean-Claude Micheau,
• Fabienne Gauffre and
• Christophe Coudret

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2671–2677, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.260

• lanthanides’ spectroscopic properties (regular level spacing and long excited states lifetimes), one emitting ion can undergo several energy transfer processes before relaxing radiatively [15], making the overall process fundamentally different form second harmonic generation or two-photon absorption

Arylisoquinoline-derived organoboron dyes with a triaryl skeleton show dual fluorescence

• Vânia F. Pais,
• Tristan Neumann,
• Ignacio Vayá,
• M. Consuelo Jiménez,
• Abel Ros and
• Uwe Pischel

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2612–2622, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.254

• electron-transfer phenomena or two-photon absorption [32][33][34][35][36]. As part of our research program we have developed arylisoquinolines that integrate a boronic acid ester [37][38][39] or a BMes2 unit [6][40]. The presence of the boron-substituent confers interesting photophysical properties to

Ultrafast processes triggered by one- and two-photon excitation of a photochromic and luminescent hydrazone

• Alessandro Iagatti,
• Baihao Shao,
• Alberto Credi,
• Barbara Ventura,
• Ivan Aprahamian and
• Mariangela Di Donato

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2438–2446, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.236

• , belonging to the hydrazone family. The outstanding properties of this molecule, involving fluorescence toggling, bistability, high isomerization quantum yield and non-negligible two-photon absorption cross section, make it very promising for numerous applications. Here we show that the light induced Z/E

• fluorescence techniques with the aim of better characterizing the actinic step of its operation. Furthermore, we employ time resolved spectroscopy to evaluate the two-photon absorption cross section of the molecule and, by comparing the results with those previously obtained using a fluorescence method, we

• the excited state lifetime. Two-photon excitation Earlier experiments revealed that hydrazone 1 is able to isomerize also upon two-photon excitation [29]. In the present study we used transient absorption spectroscopy as an alternative method to determine the two-photon absorption cross section of the

Fluorescent phosphorus dendrimers excited by two photons: synthesis, two-photon absorption properties and biological uses

• Anne-Marie Caminade,
• Artem Zibarov,
• Eduardo Cueto Diaz,
• Aurélien Hameau,
• Maxime Klausen,
• Kathleen Moineau-Chane Ching,
• Jean-Pierre Majoral,
• Jean-Baptiste Verlhac,
• Olivier Mongin and
• Mireille Blanchard-Desce

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 2287–2303, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.221

• the mechanism of action of anticancer compounds, and for safer photodynamic therapy. Keywords: bioimaging; dendrimer; fluorescence; phosphorus; two-photon absorption; Introduction Natural luminescence phenomena such as the bioluminescence of fireflies or of certain marine microorganisms, or the

• widespread popularity of TPE (also named TPA, for two-photon absorption) in the biology community, with on one side, the advent of two-photon excitation fluorescence microscopy [4], even for research clinical uses [5], and on the other side with the discovery of the TPA properties of quantum dots (inorganic

• classical fluorophores in their structure, have been already synthesized [13]. Besides, some types of dendrimers have shown non-traditional intrinsic luminescence, i.e., luminescence in the absence of known fluorophores [14]. Dendrimers functionalized with fluorophores having two-photon absorption

Complexation of a guanidinium-modified calixarene with diverse dyes and investigation of the corresponding photophysical response

• Yu-Ying Wang,
• Yong Kong,
• Zhe Zheng,
• Wen-Chao Geng,
• Zi-Yi Zhao,
• Hongwei Sun and
• Dong-Sheng Guo

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 1394–1406, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.139

• photons as the excitation source. The fluorescent probe simultaneously absorbs two low energy photons to reach the excited state followed by fluorescence [57]. Acedan (6-acetyl-2-(dimethylamino)naphthalene) is a well-known probe with two-photon absorption that has been utilized in two-photon microscopy

Structure–property relationships and third-order nonlinearities in diketopyrrolopyrrole based D–π–A–π–D molecules

• Jan Podlesný,
• Lenka Dokládalová,
• Oldřich Pytela,
• Adam Urbanec,
• Milan Klikar,
• Numan Almonasy,
• Tomáš Mikysek,
• Jaroslav Jedryka,
• Iwan V. Kityk and
• Filip Bureš

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 2374–2384, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.235

• ]. Moreover, some DPP derivatives also showed aggregation induced emission (AIE) [13][14] and the ability to selectively sense fluoride ions [26][27][28]. The modern era of DPP chromophores has been opened by Gryko et al. [3][11][12][18][20][21][29] who have demonstrated their large and tunable two-photon

• absorption cross-section (δ2PA) generally ranging from 100–2500 GM, but for instance DPPs end-capped with imidazolium [21] or dendritic thiophenes [16] showed δ2PA of 4000 and 7000 GM, respectively. However, to the best of our knowledge, the third-harmonic generation (THG) NLO process has not been

Synthesis and spectroscopic properties of 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide derivatives involving the carboxylic group: a new molecular probe for ZnO nanoparticles with unusual fluorescence features

• Laura Bekere,
• David Gachet,
• Vladimir Lokshin,
• Wladimir Marine and
• Vladimir Khodorkovsky

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1311–1318, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.147

• (3H)-yl)benzoic acid (4) was found to be a sensitive molecular probe for ZnO nanoparticles. We investigated in detail one- and two-photon absorption properties of this fluorophore. In nonpolar solvents, the acid 4 absorbs at about 400 nm and fluoresces at 500 nm with a fluorescence lifetime of about 7

• patterns. Keywords: fluorescence; hydrogen bond; 1,8-naphthalimide; one- and two-photon absorption; zinc oxide; Introduction 1,8-Naphthalimide derivatives are useful for a variety of applications owing to their strong fluorescence, electroactivity and photostability. These compounds can be employed as

• concentration. A Stern–Volmer plot shows a simultaneous static and dynamic quenching, probably superimposed with FRET between pure acid 4 and the anionic complex, formed in ethanol. The full analysis of the formation of these complexes will be published elsewhere. The two-photon absorption cross section of 4 in